The date of Easter (for whatever denomination: Jewish, Christian, Catholic & Christian Gospel together, Orthodox Christian) is not fixed: so, Easter itself is called a movable feast. In spite of the different method to calculate it, it depends on when it falls on the first full moon of spring. On that date, in fact, that in their liturgical calendar (lunisolar) is the 15th day of the month of Nisan (bud maturation [barley]), the Jews celebrate, regardless of day of the week, although ' beginning of the celebrations takes place at dusk on the day before (the 14), like all other Jewish feasts, if desired, the tradition Israelite, the end of the day old (and thus the beginning of the new!) with the sunset.
the 15th of Nisan should correspond, astronomically, always the first full moon after the equinox, but because the Jewish year average is about 6.5 'longer than the average tropical year, during the centuries have accumulated a few days late. Currently
Passover always falls between March 26 and April 25, this date range, however, moves more slowly forward (one day every 216 years or so!). In addition, for the rule of the Jewish calendar , that year may only begin on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday (if the new moon falls in one of the prohibited days, New Year moves to the next day), correspondingly Easter can fall only on Saturdays, Sundays, Tuesdays or Thursdays. The Christian Church, from the earliest times, he abandoned this strategic from, in favor of the following Sunday. This is because, if the Jewish Passover (in the language of Jewish פסח [Pesach], means "pass over", in memory of the passing over of the angel of God
exterminating the last of the 10 plagues of Egypt to see the doors of the Jewish people covered with blood of lamb in the slaughter of the Egyptian first-born [men & animals] which will output (exodus) of Egypt polop elected, led by Moses to the promised land coll ' crossing the Red Sea and, therefore, at the end of slavery, so that in English there are two different terms to indicate the two Easters, respectively Jewish & Christian Passover [properly: "pass"] & Easter, a situation exactly mirrors the one of the descendants of mosaics, that if the its use the term פסח [Pesach], for others' use פסחא [Pascha], becoming, in turn, a loan for a loan!) 
in the Christian world is nothing but the day of Jesus 'death being now spread to the literature, the' Last Supper nothing but the meal after sunset on Nisan 14 (which in Hebrew is called seder means "order", ie that precise order in which the ritual takes place the evening), the Christian Easter, lost its original meaning Jewish 
, came to distinguish itself as the "pass" from death to life of Jesus and a new life for Christians, especially for those who converted to the new faith during the Easter Vigil, baptized (catechumens ). The reason why you chose the following Sunday and the one closest to the point that, if the full moon falls on a Sunday, the date is set after just seven days, is due to the fact that Christ rose again after the Jewish Passover, even though at this motivation is not entirely unthinkable that should be added also reasons polemics against Judaism / Judaism.
The choice of the first Sunday following the first full moon of spring was not
however, at first, welcomed by the whole Church, if you are tracking, since the second century. to a little over the first Concililo of NICE (the current IZNIK [TR]) (325), a theological dispute, known as "Controversy Quartodeciman "between the Church of Asia Minor, who believed that Christians must continue in the tradition of the Apostles, also recalling the 
tradition dating back to the ' Apostle & Evangelist St. John , who saw the celebration of the event Christian in connection with the Hebrew (beginning the evening of 14, hence the name, the month of Nisan ), and the Roman Church & Alexandria which had long been of different opinion. It was this Council to establish definitively the criterion for determining the date of Christian Passover "in the Roman date & Alexandrians" and, for the scientific importance recognized the city of Alexandria (ET), was responsible for the Church of that city to determine and report annually to all the Churches, with the so-called "festal letter," the date fixed for such solemnity and, therefore, for all other parties mobile dependent on it (probably using the Coptic calendar).
Currently only some evangelical denominations, very close to a biblical view Old Testament-style, prefer the way Quartodeciman.
From this rule it follows that the final dates of the Christian Passover would be March 22 & April 25, for official and unchangeable as the vernal equinox in JERUSALEM, March 21 (!) As prescribed in this Council which agreed to move to four days before the date which was then officially dedicated the spring equinox, March 25, although for various reasons, the exact date astronomical equinox varies from year to year and over the centuries (this year, for example, fell on March 20!)
But, to complicate matters is that the separated brethren of the East hardly celebrate the most important feast of Christianity on the same day for Christians loyal to Rome. This stems from the fact that if from the perspective of civil now almost all the peoples of the world adopted the Gregorian calendar, the liturgical point of view, Orthodox Christians are still tied to the old calendar, the Julian, in fact, that on account of delay (which has now reached 13 days!), position the date of the celebration of the feast by dropping it between April 4 and May 8 in the Gregorian calendar!
's why it is in progress for some years, an attempt by representatives of the confessions of Catholic, Orthodox & Protestant, to fix the date of Easter which is the same for everyone, so you can celebrate party all Christians on the same day.
And 'in fact symptomatic of the divisions that rend the mystical body of Christ (the Church) that it is the ultimate feast of Christianity (More important than Christmas, because all the men lived were born, but nobody died, rose again to their gods!) Is a cause for division. Ut omnes unum sint was
spoken of the Lord in his priestly prayer of the Last Supper, and this was repeated in Speech by Pope John Paul II the Great at the time of prayer of the Roman Curia for ' Christian unity on the day 23 of January of 1981. And surely this problem could be solved if, instead of making use of algorithms that start at a date fixed in advance of the equinox, and at times worsened by a statement based on a calendar wrong, it should proceed instead in the calculation, based on the exact time of astronomical events (equinoxes & full moons).
With the passing of the centuries, the Julian calendar, as is known, showed its flaws, both in terms of retrogradation
equinox (precession) (so much to do to write Dante Alighieri: "everything before January you paint remover and to the hundredth which is neglected there, "Par XXVII, 142-143), both in terms of estimates of the full moon. The first source of error is well known: the duration of the year and not 'of 365.25 days, but
of 365.242199 (figure which should be the one given by Simon NEWCOMB the late nineteenth century to the year 1900), which implies an error of one day each 128.188694 years (compared to 3323 every day of the Gregorian calendar!) The the second is less so: the average lunation is not of 29.530851 days (ie X19/235 365.25), but of 29.530588, which implies an error of one day every 307.4 years!
Consequently, the reform of the calendar had to also deal with the method of calculating the date of the celebration of Easter ( computus paschalis ).
To resolve this problem, namely finding a method to calculate the date of this important religious festival, and mobilized over the centuries the best minds of important & popular
both astronomers mathematicians, and many are the variables upon which this calculation: the Sunday letter, the number of gold, the epact. You can find
are among the most common, four methods of calculation (algorithms) for the same day: the first is due to Dionysius (or Dionysus) Little , and merges the lunar cycle of Methone (by knowledge of the number of gold) with the solar calendar, the second is due to Ca 
rl Friedrich Gauss, revived and modified by Joseph Tavernini; the third is due to JM Oudin, and has been revived and modified by Claus Tondering on its website Frequently asked questions about calendars (Questions fre 
entemente placed on the calendars) , and in many aspects is the most 
convenient, cost effective and universal access for all, especially if you make the calculations by the computer, the fourth is due to Luigi (or Alvin) LILY (or Lilio) Ghiraldi (medical & Calabrese of the papal court astronomer, author, together with the German Jesuit mathematician Christopher Clavius, born Christoph CLAU , with the mathematician, astronomer 
& cosmographer Ignazio Dante, the Pilgrim Century 
Rainaldi LICENSORS, & with his brother Antonio, the reform of the calendar, the pope then reigning, Gregory XIII, born Ugo B (U) ONCOMPAGNI , which strongly stimulated, was called Gregorian chant), and requires knowledge dell'epatta. In fact, there are a variety of methods, but merely mention the other four: the first is due Vincenzo Bronzino, who was described by Bruno Cester the journal Astronomy , the second is due to
Samuel Butcher, described in 'Ecclesiastical astronomy, and subsequently described by Harold Spencer Jones in General astronomy , and further described by Leopold Benacci always in 'Ecclesiastical astronomy; the third is due to Roland W. Mallen, the fourth is due to Carter. There are some empirical methods from the popular wisdom that turn out to be inaccurate and which now have only a purely cultural relevance & folkloric, is immortalized in a few Latin verses: " Post martis, Nonas ubi sit nova moon require tertia lux proxima pascha dabit domains (ie: "After March 7, the new moon were looking for, count three Sundays and Easter there") and the other is the saying of a old motto: "There is no Holy Saturday in the world, the circle of the moon is not round."
Since the occurrence of Easter should fall within a period from March 22 to April 25, depending on whether it occurs within the first few days as possible, in the median or in the past, derive from this definition (as opposed to the meanings commonly given to terms top & bottom, respectively, indicating that an event falls early or late) Easter low (from 22 March to 2 April), Easter average (from 3 April to 13 April) and Easter high (from April 14 to April 25).
About the Last Supper, then, one might add that not everyone agrees it was the celebration of the Jewish Passover. If in fact the Synoptic Gospels speak of a room prepared to eat the Passover, the Fourth Gospel reports that on the morning of Friday the Jews did not enter the praetorian of Pontius Pilate to be defiled and unable to eat the Passover, which indicates, therefore, that it had not been celebrated, the same S. John also talks about the next day as a solemn day, but did not say it was Easter.
Even more difficult is to try to identify the precise date of the event that the Christian churches, both Catholic and Orthodox, and evangelical, celebrated each year: an event that people of faith is a hope and that all is the greatest mystery in history!
We take this opportunity to extend our best wishes for a happy Passover (Pesach fraylekhn A) to the Hebrews ( our elder brothers in Abraham, Holy, patriarch & father of all believers ) that celebrate it today !
We would like to conclude with a tribute to (almost) all the peoples of the Earth, listing in their language the word Easter (hopefully, there where possible, the pronunciation, the meaning & origin), and turning, always the hope in their own language for that party!
In most languages, in countries with a Christian heritage, the name Easter comes from פסח [Pesach]
- African: Paasfees
- Albanian: Pashkët
- Amharic: [Fasika]
- Arabic: عيد الفصح [ul-Aid Pussy]
- Azerbaijani Pasxa Fish (pronounced fis `h)
- Berber: Tafaska (now is the name of Islam "Feast of Sacrifice")
- Catalano: Easter
- Danish: PASKE
- Esperanto: Pasko
- Faroese: Pasko (plural)
- Finnish: Pääsiäinen
- French: Pâques
- Hebrew: פסחא [Pascha]
- Welsh Pasg
- Japanese: Seidai Pasuha (Gran Santa & Easter), used by members of the Eastern Orthodox Greek: Πάσχα [Paskha]
- Irish: Cáisc
- Icelandic: Pasen / Paasfeest
- Italian: Pasqua
- Latin: Pascha / Day Paschalia
- Malayalam : പെശഹ [Countries (c) ha]
- Ndebele Northern : Pasika
- Norwegian: PASKE
- Persian: [Pas `h]
- Polish: Pascha
- Portuguese: Pascoe
- Romanian: Pasta
- Russian: Пасха [Paskha]
- Scottish: Casca
- English: Pascua
- Swedish: Pask
- Tagalog (Filipino): Pasko ng Muling Pagkabuhay (Easter)
- German Lower Rhine: Paisken
- Turkish: Paskalya
- Ukrainian: Паска [Paska]
On the basis of "big day" or "Big Night". This term is used in most Slavic languages: Belorussian
- : Вялікдзень [Vjalikdzěn ']
- Bulgarian: Великден [V ě likděn']
- Czech: Velikonoce
- Latvian: Lieldienas (plural)
- Lithuanian Velykos (plural)
- Macedonian: Велигден [Veligden]
- Polish: Wielkanoc
- Slovak: Veľká Noc
- Slovenian: Velika no
- Ukrainian: Вялікдзень [Vjalikdzěn '] / Великдень [Vělykděn]
On the basis of "Resurrection":
- Armenian: Սուրբ Հարություն [Sourb Haroutiwn] (Holy Resurrection)
- Bosnian: Uskrs / Vaskrs (Resurrection)
- Bulgarian: Възкресение Христово [Vazkresenie Hristov] (Resurrection of Christ)
- Chinese: Fuhua Jie (Day of Resurrection)
- Croatian: Uskrs (Resurrection)
- Korean: Buhwalchol (Feast of the Resurrection)
- Georgian: აღდგომა [Aĝdgoma] (Resurrection)
- Japanese: Fukkatsusai (Feast of the Resurrection)
- Lakota : Woekicetuanpetu (Day of Resurrection)
- Macedonian: Воскрес [Voskres] (Resurrection)
- Serbian: Ускрс [Uskrs] / Васкрс [Vaskrs] (Resurrection)
- Vietnamese: Le Phuc Sinh (Feast of the Resurrection)
on other bases:
- Armenian: Զատիկ (Zatik / Zadik) (Severance)
- Estonian: Lihavõtted ("Take the meat") / Ülestõusmispühad
- Japanese: Iisutaa (translation into Japanese katakana of Easter)
- English: Easter
- Maltese: L-Ghid il- Kbir (The Great Feast ")
- Ossetic: куадзæн, by комуадз æ н (End of Fasting)
- Persian: عيد پاك (Feast caste)
- German: Ostern
- Tonga Pekia (Death [of a Lord])
- Hungarian: Húsvét (Make / Buy meat)
Greetings!
- African: Geseënde Paafees!
- Albanian: Gëzuar Pashkët!
- Arabic:! فصح سعيد
- Basque: Bazko garaian Ondo izan!
- Breton Pask Seder!
- Bulgarian: Честит Великден!
- Cantonese: 阁 活 节! [Feukweutjit faaileok!]
- Catalano: Bona Pasqua!
- Czech: Veseli Velikonoce!
- Korean: 행복한 부활절 이 되시길!
- Cornish: Pask Lowen!
- Croatian: Sretan Uskrs!
- Danish: God PASKE!
- Hebrew:! פסח כשר ושמח
- Esperanto: Feliĉan Paskon!
- Estonian: Haid lihavõttepühi!
- Flemish: Zalig Pasen!
- Finnish: Hyvää pääsiäistä!
- French: Joyeuses Pâques!
- Friulano: Buin Pasche! / Bune Pasche!
- English: Happy Easter!
- Irish: Cáisc dhuit Shona!
- Manx: Caisht sonney dhyt!
- Slovak: Radostné veľkonočné sviatky!
- English: Feliz Pascua
- Galician: Boas Pascuas!
- Welsh Pasg Hapus!
- Japanese: イースター おめでとう!
- Judeo-English! פיליז פסח
- ancient Greek: Modern Greek Καλόν Πάσχα
- : Καλό Πάσχα!
- Icelandic: Gledilega Paska!
- Indonesian: Selamat Paskah!
- Latino: Prospera Pascha sit!
- Latvian: Priecīgas Lieldienas!
- Lithuanian: On Šventom Velykom!
- Maltese: L-Ghid it-tajjeb!
- Mandarin: 复活节 快乐! [Fùhuójié kùailè!]
- Moldova: Паште феричит!
- Montenegrino: Srećan Yskrs!
- Norwegian Bokmål: PASKE God!
- Dutch: Pasen Zalig! / Vrolijk Pasen!
- Ossetian: Куадзæны хорзæх уæ уæд! (pl.) Куадзæны хорзæх дæ уæд! (sing.)
- Persiano: !عيد پاک مبارکù
- Polacco: Wesołych Świąt Wielkanocnych!
- Punjabi : ਈਸਟਰ ਖੁਸ਼ਿਯਾੰਵਾਲਾ ਹੋਵੇ॥
- Romeno: Paşte fericit!
- Russo: С праздником Пасхи!
- Scozzese: A 'Chàisg Sona!
- Serbo: Срећан Ускрс!
- Slovacco: Milostiplné prežitie! / Veľkonočných sviatkov!
- Sloveno: Vesele velikonočne praznike!
- Swahili : Happy for Passover!
- Svedese: Glad Påsk!
- Tagicco: Maligayang pagkabuhay ng pasko!
- Tedesco: Frohe Ostern!
- Tailandese: สุขสันต์ วัน อีส เตอร์
- Turco: Paskalya bayramınız Kutlu olsun!
- Ukrainian: З Великодніми святами!
- Hungarian: Kellemes Húsvéti Ünnepeket!
- Volapük : Lesustanazäli yofik!
- Yoruba : Eku odun ajinde!
- Yiddish :! אַ פֿרייַלעכן פּסח
Sites program to calculate Easter: [325-2500] Catholic Christian (Gospel & Christian) Orthodox Christian (with the second date calendar Julian & Gregorian one); Jewish + indication of the solar cycle, on the opening of Rome, the number of gold, the Sunday letter of the calculation of the Julian & Gregorian, Julian & dell'epatta the calculation of the Gregorian calendar)
[326-4099] Catholic Christian (Gospel & Christian) Orthodox Christian (date according to the Gregorian calendar) :
For more information:
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